حل بكالوريا 2014 لغة إنجليزية شعبة تسيير واقتصاد ورياضيات وعلوم تجريبية وتقني رياضي — الموضوع الثاني مفصّل خطوة بخطوة
شعبة تسيير واقتصاد ورياضيات وعلوم تجريبية وتقني رياضي · الموضوع الثاني · على 20 · 22 سؤالاً
Part One — A. Comprehension: Counterfeiting 8 ن
§1 Since money came into use in the ancient world, there has been counterfeiting. Early money was in the form of coins with a specific content of gold, silver, or any other metal. Making counterfeit coins was relatively easy. A metal of equal weight could be gold or silver-plated and passed on to the public as genuine.
§2 Counterfeiting paper currency is a highly technical skill that calls for a talented draftsman, photographer, plate maker and printer. Also necessary for the counterfeit money to be convincing are high quality rag paper and the proper kind of ink.
§3 With such technological advances as high-speed cameras and engraving machines, the time needed to produce counterfeit money has been shortened and the quality of the work improved. To combat these problems, the United States government has attempted to make detection of fraud easier by the use of very high quality rag paper and ink. Other nations also use special paper and ink. In much foreign currency a distinctive watermark can be seen by holding the money up to the light.
§4 Counterfeiting is a criminal offence in nearly every country. A convention signed by many nations in Switzerland in 1929, provided for the centralization and cooperation of international police action to combat counterfeiting.
Adapted from Wise Geek .com
- 11 نCircle the letter that corresponds to the right answer. The text is taken from:
- a a magazine
- b the Internet
- c a newspaper
الحل
- المرجع «Adapted from Wise Geek .com» موقع إلكتروني: the Internet.
الجواب b. the Internet
- 2-a0,5 نAre these statements true or false? a. Counterfeiting existed since the appearance of money.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §1: «Since money came into use in the ancient world, there has been counterfeiting.»: True.
الجواب True.
- 2-b0,5 نAre these statements true or false? b. Low quality paper and ink are necessary to counterfeit money.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §2: «Also necessary... are high quality rag paper and the proper kind of ink»: high لا low، False.
الجواب False.
- 2-c0,5 نAre these statements true or false? c. Technological development helped counterfeiters.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §3: بفضل الكاميرات السريعة وآلات النقش «the time needed to produce counterfeit money has been shortened and the quality of the work improved»: True.
الجواب True.
- 2-d0,5 نAre these statements true or false? d. Counterfeiting is legal in some countries.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §4: «Counterfeiting is a criminal offence in nearly every country.»: False.
الجواب False.
- 3-a1,5 نAnswer the following questions according to the text. a. Why was counterfeiting easy in the past?
الحل
- §1: «Early money was in the form of coins with a specific content of gold, silver, or any other metal. Making counterfeit coins was relatively easy.»
- ويمكن الإضافة: A metal of equal weight could be gold or silver-plated and passed on as genuine.
الجواب Because early money was in the form of simple coins (with a specific content of gold, silver, or any other metal).
- 3-b1,5 نAnswer the following questions according to the text. b. What has the United States government done to combat counterfeiting money?
الحل
- §3: «the United States government has attempted to make detection of fraud easier by the use of very high quality rag paper and ink.»
الجواب The United States government has attempted to make detection of fraud easier by the use of very high quality rag paper and ink.
- 41 نIn which paragraph is it mentioned how to fight counterfeiting money? (اكتب رقم الفقرة، مثلاً: §2)
الحل
- §3: «To combat these problems, the United States government has attempted to make detection of fraud easier...»، واستعمال الورق والحبر الخاصين والعلامة المائية.
- الإجابة الرسمية §3 (والفقرة 4 تذكر التعاون الدولي للشرطة، لكن السلم يعتمد §3).
الجواب In paragraph 3.
- 51 نCopy the title you think is the most appropriate.
- a The history of Counterfeiting
- b Money Laundering
- c Counterfeiting Money
الحل
- النص كله عن تزوير النقود: تاريخه وتقنياته ومكافحته.
- a جزئي (§1 فقط)، و b موضوع آخر (تبييض الأموال).
الجواب c. Counterfeiting Money
Part One — B. Text Exploration 7 ن
- 1-a0,5 نFind in the text words or phrases that are opposites to the following. a. late (§1) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «Early money was in the form of coins»: early ≠ late.
الجواب early
- 1-b0,5 نFind in the text words or phrases that are opposites to the following. b. more difficult (§3) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «to make detection of fraud easier»: easier ≠ more difficult.
الجواب easier
- 2-10,5 نDivide the following word into root and affixes: international (اكتب الكلمة مقسمة بشرطات: سابقة-جذر-لاحقة، مثلاً: un-help-ful)
الحل
- السابقة inter- (بين)، الجذر nation، اللاحقة -al (صفة).
الجواب inter (prefix) - nation (root) - al (suffix)
- 2-20,5 نDivide the following word into root and affixes: distinctive (اكتب الكلمة مقسمة بشرطات: جذر-لاحقة إذا لم توجد سابقة، مثلاً: help-ful)
الحل
- لا سابقة؛ الجذر distinct؛ اللاحقة -ive (صفة).
الجواب no prefix - distinct (root) - ive (suffix)
انتبه عدّ dis سابقة: distinct كلمة واحدة وليست dis + tinct.
- 2-30,5 نDivide the following word into root and affixes: shortened (اكتب الكلمة مقسمة بشرطات: جذر-لاحقة إذا لم توجد سابقة، مثلاً: help-ful)
الحل
- لا سابقة؛ الجذر short؛ اللاحقتان -en (تصنع الفعل shorten) و -ed (التصريف).
الجواب no prefix - short (root) - en / ed (suffixes)
- 3-10,75 نRewrite sentence B so that it means the same as sentence A. 1.a. A convention was signed by many nations in Switzerland. b. Many nations …… (اكتب الجملة (b) كاملة.)
الحل
- تحويل من المبني للمجهول إلى المبني للمعلوم: الاسم بعد by (many nations) يصير فاعلاً.
- was signed (ماضٍ) يصير signed، والفاعل السابق a convention يصير مفعولاً به.
الجواب Many nations signed a convention in Switzerland.
انتبه Many nations were signed a convention: إبقاء be.
- 3-20,75 نRewrite sentence B so that it means the same as sentence A. 2.a. “Making counterfeit coins was relatively easy”, a historian said. b. A historian said that…… (اكتب الجملة (b) كاملة.)
الحل
- فعل القول said في الماضي: نرجع الزمن، was > had been.
- الإجابة الرسمية تقبل أيضاً إبقاء was.
الجواب A historian said that making counterfeit coins had been / was relatively easy.
- 41 نClassify the following words according to the pronunciation of the final “ed”: /t/, /d/, /ɪd/. passed - shortened - attempted - provided (اكتب صوت ed لكل كلمة بالترتيب مفصولة بفواصل، مثلاً: t, d, id, t)
الحل
- passed: آخر صوت /s/ مهموس فهي /t/.
- shortened: آخر صوت /n/ مجهور فهي /d/.
- attempted: آخر صوت /t/ فهي /ɪd/.
- provided: آخر صوت /d/ فهي /ɪd/؛ 0.25 لكل كلمة.
الجواب /t/: passed · /d/: shortened · /ɪd/: attempted, provided
- 5-10,5 نFill in the gaps with words from the list below. Money laundering refers to the process of concealing ………(1)……… transactions. Various laundering ………(2)…… can be employed by individuals, groups, officials ………(3)……… corporations. The goal of a money laundering operation is usually to ………(4)……… either the source or the destination of money. (hide – techniques - financial - and) Which word goes in gap (1)?
- hide hide
- techniques techniques
- financial financial
- and and
الحل
- قبل الاسم transactions نحتاج صفة: financial transactions.
الجواب (1) financial
- 5-20,5 نFill in the gaps with words from the list below. Money laundering refers to the process of concealing ………(1)……… transactions. Various laundering ………(2)…… can be employed by individuals, groups, officials ………(3)……… corporations. The goal of a money laundering operation is usually to ………(4)……… either the source or the destination of money. (hide – techniques - financial - and) Which word goes in gap (2)?
- hide hide
- techniques techniques
- financial financial
- and and
الحل
- Various laundering ... can be employed: نحتاج اسماً جمعاً: techniques.
الجواب (2) techniques
- 5-30,5 نFill in the gaps with words from the list below. Money laundering refers to the process of concealing ………(1)……… transactions. Various laundering ………(2)…… can be employed by individuals, groups, officials ………(3)……… corporations. The goal of a money laundering operation is usually to ………(4)……… either the source or the destination of money. (hide – techniques - financial - and) Which word goes in gap (3)?
- hide hide
- techniques techniques
- financial financial
- and and
الحل
- آخر عنصر في تعداد: individuals, groups, officials and corporations.
الجواب (3) and
- 5-40,5 نFill in the gaps with words from the list below. Money laundering refers to the process of concealing ………(1)……… transactions. Various laundering ………(2)…… can be employed by individuals, groups, officials ………(3)……… corporations. The goal of a money laundering operation is usually to ………(4)……… either the source or the destination of money. (hide – techniques - financial - and) Which word goes in gap (4)?
- hide hide
- techniques techniques
- financial financial
- and and
الحل
- بعد to فعل مجرد: to hide either the source or the destination of money.
الجواب (4) hide
Part Two — Written Expression 5 ن
- W5 نChoose ONE of the following topics. Topic One: Counterfeit is something copied and passed as genuine. What should be done to fight this crime? Use the following notes to write a composition of about 80 to 120 words. - Sensitize people: mass media / school programmes. - Organize anti-counterfeiting associations. - Government: pass legislation / protect consumers. Topic Two: Children and teens are often targeted by junk food advertisements. Write a letter to the director of a fast food company to complain about their effects on those kids. Sign the letter: John Smith.
الحل
- Topic One — الخطة: مقدمة (التقليد جريمة تضر المستهلك والاقتصاد)، التوعية عبر الإعلام والمدرسة، جمعيات مكافحة التقليد، دور الحكومة (القوانين وحماية المستهلك)، خاتمة.
- Topic One — نموذج: Counterfeiting is a serious crime that harms consumers and the economy. To fight it, several measures should be taken. First, people must be sensitized to its dangers. The mass media can broadcast programmes and advertisements that explain how to recognize fake products, and schools can include this topic in their programmes. Second, citizens should organize anti-counterfeiting associations to inform consumers and report sellers of fake goods. Finally, the government has an essential role. It should pass strict legislation that punishes counterfeiters severely and protect consumers by controlling markets and ports. If everyone plays his part, this crime will decrease.
- Topic Two — الخطة: عنوان المرسل والتاريخ، Dear Sir، سبب الكتابة، آثار إعلانات الوجبات السريعة على الأطفال (السمنة، أمراض، عادات سيئة، ضغط على الأولياء)، طلب محدد، خاتمة مهذبة، Yours faithfully, John Smith.
- Topic Two — نموذج: Dear Sir, I am writing to complain about your company's advertisements, which target children and teenagers. Your adverts appear during cartoons and on social media, and they offer free toys to attract young customers. As a result, many kids eat burgers, fries and sugary drinks almost every day. This junk food contains too much fat, salt and sugar, so it causes obesity, diabetes and heart problems at an early age. Moreover, children develop bad eating habits and put pressure on their parents to buy your meals. I therefore ask you to stop advertising to children and to offer healthier menus. I hope you will take this complaint seriously. Yours faithfully, John Smith.
- سلم التنقيط الرسمي: Topic One — form 2.5 pts, content 2.5 pts؛ Topic Two — form 2 pts, content 3 pts.
- الشكل: سلامة اللغة، التنظيم، أدوات الربط، شكل الرسالة في الموضوع الثاني، احترام عدد الكلمات. المضمون: مطابقة الموضوع، استغلال الملاحظات، وجاهة الحجج.
الجواب الموضوع 1: فقرة من 80 إلى 120 كلمة بحلول مرتبة (التوعية، الجمعيات، دور الحكومة). الموضوع 2: رسالة شكوى رسمية بشكلها الكامل موقعة John Smith.
انتبه رسالة بلا صيغة افتتاح وختام رسمية، أو بتوقيع غير John Smith.