حل بكالوريا 2014 لغة إنجليزية شعبة لغات أجنبية — الموضوع الأول مفصّل خطوة بخطوة
شعبة لغات أجنبية · الموضوع الأول · على 20 · 28 سؤالاً
Part One — A. Comprehension: Smoking in School 7 ن
§1 All over the world, smoking in school is not isolated from what goes on in the streets and in the media. It is affected by advertising, smoking in public places and characters smoking on TV. All these are factors which show it as an acceptable part of our world. Children see parents, friends, teachers and many people doing it. So, this perception is carried into the classroom with [them].
§2 The first cigarette is easily taken in a moment of pressure from friends, or classmates. Nobody likes to be bullied, ignored or to be the odd one out. Therefore, if you are offered something, it is better to go with the flow than to say no. Though smoking is, on the surface, kept as a secret at school, [it] is in reality the worst kept secret at all. Clothes and body smell, hideaways are littered with cigarette-ends, toilets bear testimony with burn marks and pupils are late for lessons.
§3 Teachers often don’t know how to tackle the problem by themselves. Currently, many of them are stressed and say that time to address issues like smoking is not available. However, an anti- smoking education is an initiative [which] needs to be acted on by the whole school staff. Some schools have strict regulations which prevent and punish smokers, but never see the light of day. That’s why what should be fostered and preached is a clear assumption that smoking is a real threat to pupils' health and schooling.
Jenny Jacobs. Ray. Soc. Health-February 1993 (Adapted)
(الكلمات بين معقوفين [ ] هي المسطرة في ورقة الامتحان.)
- 1-a0,5 نAre these statements true or false? a- Imitation is the major cause that makes pupils smoke.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §1: «Children see parents, friends, teachers and many people doing it. So, this perception is carried into the classroom»، والتدخين يتأثر بالإعلانات والشخصيات على التلفاز: التقليد هو السبب، True.
الجواب True.
- 1-b0,5 نAre these statements true or false? b- Smoking can be kept secret.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §2: «it is in reality the worst kept secret at all» والروائح وأعقاب السجائر تفضحه: False.
الجواب False.
- 1-c0,5 نAre these statements true or false? c- It has no harm on pupils' schooling.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §3: «smoking is a real threat to pupils' health and schooling»، و§2: «pupils are late for lessons»: False.
الجواب False.
- 1-d0,5 نAre these statements true or false? d- Anti-smoking regulations must be applied in schools.
- T True
- F False
الحل
- §3: الكاتب ينتقد القوانين الصارمة التي «never see the light of day» ويدعو إلى تربية ضد التدخين يطبقها كل الطاقم: True.
الجواب True.
- 21 نPut the following sentences in the order they appear in the text. a- Friends' pressure is the principal factor of smoking in schools. b- Pupils need adults' advice and guidance to avoid smoking. c- Smoking cannot be hidden. d- Media incites adolescents to smoke. (اكتب الحروف بالترتيب مفصولة بفواصل، مثلاً: a, b, c, d)
الحل
- §1 الإعلام والتقليد: d.
- بداية §2 ضغط الأصدقاء: a.
- نهاية §2 التدخين لا يُخفى: c.
- §3 دور الكبار والطاقم التربوي: b؛ 0.25 لكل عنصر.
الجواب d - a - c - b
- 3-a0,75 نAnswer the following questions according to the text. a- Why do school boys and girls smoke?
الحل
- §1: «Children see parents, friends, teachers and many people doing it.»
- الجواب: Because they see their parents, teachers, and others doing it (ويمكن إضافة ضغط الأصدقاء من §2).
الجواب Because they see their parents, teachers, and others doing it.
- 3-b0,75 نAnswer the following questions according to the text. b- What should be done to limit smoking in schools?
الحل
- §3: «an anti- smoking education is an initiative which needs to be acted on by the whole school staff».
- الجواب: An anti-smoking education is needed (applied by the whole school staff).
الجواب An anti-smoking education is needed.
- 40,5 نCopy the letter that corresponds to the right answer. The text is a:
- a letter
- b magazine article
- c survey
الحل
- المرجع: «Jenny Jacobs. Ray. Soc. Health-February 1993» اسم كاتبة ومجلة صحية وتاريخ عدد؛ لا توجد صيغة رسالة ولا أرقام استطلاع.
الجواب b- magazine article
- 5-a0,5 نWho or what do the underlined words refer to in the text? a- them (§1) (اكتب الكلمة أو العبارة من النص.)
الحل
- «Children see... this perception is carried into the classroom with them»: الذين يحملون الفكرة إلى القسم هم children.
الجواب them → children
- 5-b0,5 نWho or what do the underlined words refer to in the text? b- it (§2) (اكتب الكلمة أو العبارة من النص.)
الحل
- «Though smoking is... kept as a secret at school, it is in reality the worst kept secret»: it = smoking.
الجواب it → smoking
- 5-c0,5 نWho or what do the underlined words refer to in the text? c- which (§3) (اكتب الكلمة أو العبارة من النص.)
الحل
- «an initiative which needs to be acted on»: which اسم موصول يعود إلى الاسم الذي قبله مباشرة، initiative.
الجواب which → initiative
- 60,5 نGive a title to the text.
الحل
- العنوان يلخص الفكرة العامة في كلمات قليلة: التدخين في المدارس، أسبابه ومظاهره وعلاجه.
- الإجابة الرسمية: Smoking in schools. ويُقبل كل عنوان مناسب مثل Smoking among pupils.
الجواب Smoking in Schools.
Part One — B. Text Exploration 7 ن
- 1-a0,25 نFind in the text words or phrases that are closest in meaning to the following: a- separated (§1) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «smoking in school is not isolated from what goes on in the streets»: isolated = separated.
الجواب isolated
- 1-b0,25 نFind in the text words or phrases that are closest in meaning to the following: b- different (§2) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «to be the odd one out»: odd = مختلف عن الآخرين.
الجواب odd
- 1-c0,25 نFind in the text words or phrases that are closest in meaning to the following: c- encouraged (§3) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «what should be fostered and preached»: fostered = encouraged.
الجواب fostered
- 1-d0,25 نFind in the text words or phrases that are closest in meaning to the following: d- menace (§3) (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- «smoking is a real threat to pupils' health»: threat = menace.
الجواب threat
- 2-10,25 نGive the opposite of the following word keeping the same root: legal (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- legal تبدأ بـ l، فالسابقة il-: illegal.
الجواب illegal
- 2-20,25 نGive the opposite of the following word keeping the same root: acceptable (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- acceptable تأخذ un-: unacceptable.
الجواب unacceptable
- 2-30,25 نGive the opposite of the following word keeping the same root: effective (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- effective تأخذ in-: ineffective.
الجواب ineffective
- 2-40,25 نGive the opposite of the following word keeping the same root: hopeful (اكتب الكلمة فقط.)
الحل
- اللاحقة -ful تقابلها -less: hopeless.
الجواب hopeless
انتبه unhopeful: الإجابة الرسمية hopeless.
- 3-10,5 نRewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as sentence (a). 1- a- Governments should interfere to ban bad practices in schools. b- It's high time…… (اكتب الجملة (b) كاملة.)
الحل
- should + فعل مجرد يصير بعد It's high time: فاعل + فعل في الماضي البسيط.
- interfere > interfered.
الجواب It’s high time governments interfered to ban bad practices in schools.
انتبه It's high time governments interfere / should interfere.
- 3-20,5 نRewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as sentence (a). 2- a- If strict measures are not taken, the educational system will deteriorate. b- Unless…… (اكتب الجملة (b) كاملة.)
الحل
- unless = if ... not، فنحذف not: are not taken > are taken.
- جواب الشرط لا يتغير: the educational system will deteriorate.
الجواب Unless strict measures are taken, the educational system will deteriorate.
انتبه Unless strict measures are not taken: نفي مزدوج يعكس المعنى.
- 3-30,5 نRewrite sentence (b) so that it means the same as sentence (a). 3- a- I have a strong desire that all governments will ban cigarettes production. b- I wish…… (اكتب الجملة (b) كاملة.)
الحل
- رغبة في المستقبل: I wish + فاعل + would + فعل.
- will ban > would ban.
الجواب I wish all governments would ban cigarettes production.
انتبه I wish all governments will ban.
- 4-a0,5 نAsk the question which the underlined words answer. a- The headmaster is determined to [ban cigarettes smoking] in his school. (اكتب السؤال كاملاً.)
الحل
- المسطر فعل (ما ينوي المدير فعله)، فالأداة What ... do.
- مع is نقلب مباشرة: What is the headmaster determined to do in his school?
الجواب What is the headmaster determined to do in his school?
- 4-b0,5 نAsk the question which the underlined words answer. b- Some teachers throw cigarette ends [on the class floor]. (اكتب السؤال كاملاً.)
الحل
- المسطر مكان: Where.
- الفعل throw مضارع مع فاعل جمع: المساعد do.
الجواب Where do some teachers throw cigarette ends?
انتبه Where some teachers throw...: نسيان do.
- 51 نClassify the words according to the number of their syllables. schooling - policy - affected - smoke (اكتب عدد مقاطع كل كلمة بالترتيب مفصولة بفواصل، مثلاً: 1, 2, 2, 3)
الحل
- schooling: school-ing = 2.
- policy: pol-i-cy = 3.
- affected: af-fect-ed = 3 (ed بعد t تُنطق /ɪd/).
- smoke: 1 (e صامتة)؛ 0.25 لكل كلمة.
الجواب one syllable: smoke · two syllables: schooling · three syllables: policy, affected
- 61,5 نRe-order the following sentences to make a coherent paragraph. a- more and more school boys and school girls smoke b- Smoking has spread among students at an alarming rate. c- because they imitate adults and T.V stars and want to prove their freedom. d- In spite of its dangerous effects on health, (اكتب الحروف بالترتيب مفصولة بفواصل.)
الحل
- b جملة كاملة بحرف كبير ونقطة وفكرة عامة: البداية.
- d تبدأ بحرف كبير وتنتهي بفاصلة: In spite of its dangerous effects on health,
- a تكمل d بالفاعل والفعل.
- c تبدأ بـ because وتعلل a وتنتهي بنقطة.
الجواب b - d - a - c
Part Two — Written Expression 6 ن
- W6 نChoose ONE of the following topics. Topic One: Smoking at school is bad and dangerous for teenagers. Write an article of about 120 to 150 words for your school magazine in which you warn your schoolmates against smoking. The following notes may help you: - immediate health hazards: coughs, wheeziness, shortness of breath - poor academic performance, taking more time outside school - wasting money Topic Two: Write a composition of about 120 to 150 words on the following: Many children around the world are engaged in child labour. State the causes and suggest the possible solutions to eradicate this phenomenon.
الحل
- Topic One — الخطة: عنوان، مقدمة (التدخين ينتشر بين التلاميذ)، الأضرار الصحية الفورية، ضعف النتائج الدراسية، تبذير المال، نداء ختامي.
- Topic One — نموذج: Say No to the First Cigarette! Dear schoolmates, smoking has become a common habit in our school, and many of you think it makes you look adult. In fact, it is a real danger. First, cigarettes have immediate effects on your health: smokers cough, suffer from wheeziness and quickly get out of breath when they run or climb the stairs. Second, smoking harms your studies. Smokers spend more time outside the classroom looking for a place to smoke, they arrive late and they cannot concentrate, so their marks fall. Moreover, smoking is a waste of money. The money you spend on cigarettes every day could buy books or pay for a trip. So, do not follow your friends blindly. Be strong, say no to the first cigarette, and protect your health and your future.
- Topic Two — الخطة: مقدمة (ظاهرة عمل الأطفال عالمية)، الأسباب (الفقر، الأمية، الحروب، جشع أصحاب العمل)، الحلول (تعليم مجاني وإجباري، قوانين صارمة، مساعدة الأسر الفقيرة، دور المنظمات الدولية)، خاتمة.
- Topic Two — نموذج: Millions of children around the world work instead of going to school. This phenomenon has several causes. The main one is poverty: many poor families need the small income of their children to survive. In addition, illiterate parents do not understand the value of education, and wars leave many orphans without support. Some employers also prefer children because they are cheap and obedient. However, child labour can be eradicated. First, governments should make education free and compulsory and punish employers who exploit children. Second, poor families must receive financial help so that they do not need their children's wages. Moreover, international organizations like UNICEF can raise awareness and fund schools in poor areas. In conclusion, every child has the right to a childhood, and protecting children is the duty of all of us.
- سلم التنقيط الرسمي: Topic One — form 3.5 pts, content 2.5 pts؛ Topic Two — form 3 pts, content 3 pts.
- الشكل: سلامة اللغة، التنظيم، أدوات الربط، شكل المقال (عنوان، مخاطبة القراء)، احترام عدد الكلمات. المضمون: مطابقة الموضوع، استغلال الملاحظات، وجاهة الأسباب والحلول.
الجواب نص من 120 إلى 150 كلمة: مقال بعنوان للمجلة (الموضوع 1) أو فقرة أسباب وحلول (الموضوع 2)، بمقدمة وعرض مرتب بأدوات ربط وخاتمة.
انتبه كتابة مقال بلا عنوان ولا مخاطبة للقراء في الموضوع الأول.